diff --git a/src/bench/sign_transaction.cpp b/src/bench/sign_transaction.cpp
index a62af682e8..fda6ecc9bd 100644
--- a/src/bench/sign_transaction.cpp
+++ b/src/bench/sign_transaction.cpp
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ static void SignTransactionSingleInput(benchmark::Bench& bench, InputType input_
     bench.minEpochIterations(100).run([&] {
         CMutableTransaction tx{unsigned_tx};
         std::map<COutPoint, Coin> coins;
-        CScript prev_spk = prev_spks[(iter++) % prev_spks.size()];
+        const CScript& prev_spk = prev_spks[(iter++) % prev_spks.size()];
         CTxOut txout(CConfidentialAsset{CAsset()}, CConfidentialValue{10000}, prev_spk);
         coins[prevout] = Coin(std::move(txout), /*nHeightIn=*/100, /*fCoinBaseIn=*/false);
         std::map<int, bilingual_str> input_errors;
diff --git a/src/bitcoin-tx.cpp b/src/bitcoin-tx.cpp
index eb89a52c7e..3eb765f30f 100644
--- a/src/bitcoin-tx.cpp
+++ b/src/bitcoin-tx.cpp
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ static void MutateTxAddOutAddr(CMutableTransaction& tx, const std::string& strIn
     CAmount value = ExtractAndValidateValue(vStrInputParts[0]);
 
     // extract and validate ADDRESS
-    std::string strAddr = vStrInputParts[1];
+    const std::string& strAddr = vStrInputParts[1];
     CTxDestination destination = DecodeDestination(strAddr);
     if (!IsValidDestination(destination)) {
         throw std::runtime_error("invalid TX output address");
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ static void MutateTxAddOutPubKey(CMutableTransaction& tx, const std::string& str
     bool bSegWit = false;
     bool bScriptHash = false;
     if (vStrInputParts.size() == 3) {
-        std::string flags = vStrInputParts[2];
+        const std::string& flags = vStrInputParts[2];
         bSegWit = (flags.find('W') != std::string::npos);
         bScriptHash = (flags.find('S') != std::string::npos);
     }
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ static void MutateTxAddOutMultiSig(CMutableTransaction& tx, const std::string& s
     bool bSegWit = false;
     bool bScriptHash = false;
     if (vStrInputParts.size() == numkeys + 4) {
-        std::string flags = vStrInputParts.back();
+        const std::string& flags = vStrInputParts.back();
         bSegWit = (flags.find('W') != std::string::npos);
         bScriptHash = (flags.find('S') != std::string::npos);
     }
@@ -506,14 +506,14 @@ static void MutateTxAddOutScript(CMutableTransaction& tx, const std::string& str
     CAmount value = ExtractAndValidateValue(vStrInputParts[0]);
 
     // extract and validate script
-    std::string strScript = vStrInputParts[1];
+    const std::string& strScript = vStrInputParts[1];
     CScript scriptPubKey = ParseScript(strScript);
 
     // Extract FLAGS
     bool bSegWit = false;
     bool bScriptHash = false;
     if (vStrInputParts.size() == 3) {
-        std::string flags = vStrInputParts.back();
+        const std::string& flags = vStrInputParts.back();
         bSegWit = (flags.find('W') != std::string::npos);
         bScriptHash = (flags.find('S') != std::string::npos);
     }
diff --git a/src/qt/bitcoinunits.cpp b/src/qt/bitcoinunits.cpp
index 61a773b8bc..51ec98d48d 100644
--- a/src/qt/bitcoinunits.cpp
+++ b/src/qt/bitcoinunits.cpp
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ bool BitcoinUnits::parse(Unit unit, const QString& value, CAmount* val_out)
     {
         return false; // More than one dot
     }
-    QString whole = parts[0];
+    const QString& whole = parts[0];
     QString decimals;
 
     if(parts.size() > 1)
diff --git a/src/test/validation_block_tests.cpp b/src/test/validation_block_tests.cpp
index 6440c24a94..8167f16626 100644
--- a/src/test/validation_block_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/validation_block_tests.cpp
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(processnewblock_signals_ordering)
             bool ignored;
             FastRandomContext insecure;
             for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
-                auto block = blocks[insecure.randrange(blocks.size() - 1)];
+                const auto& block = blocks[insecure.randrange(blocks.size() - 1)];
                 Assert(m_node.chainman)->ProcessNewBlock(block, true, true, &ignored);
             }